基于Super-SBM模型的中国采掘业环境效率及影响因素研究

Environmental efficiency analysis and influencing factors of China’s extractive industry based on Super-SBM model

利用考虑非期望产出的Super-SBM模型测算了中国采掘业的环境效率,并利用固定效应评估法对其影响因素进行回归分析。结果表明:中国采掘业环境效率总体偏低,石油和天然气开采业环境效率最高,非金属矿采选业、煤炭开采和洗选业最低;2001—2017年,中国采掘业在相应技术水平上的资源投入是有效的,但规模效应还不太明显。技术创新、对外贸易对环境效率的提高具有正向作用;在不考虑其他影响因素条件下,产业规模对环境效率的提高具有较强的正向促进作用,但在纳入技术创新、环境治理强度、对外贸易等因素后,产业规模对环境效率的影响并不显著。

The Super-SBM model that considered undesired output was used to measure the environmental efficiency of China’s extractive industry,and the fixed effect evaluation method was used to perform regression analysis on its influencing factors.The results showed that the environmental efficiency of China’s extractive industry was low.In addition,extraction of petroleum and natural gas had the highest environmental efficiency,nonmetal minerals and coal mining had the lowest environmental efficiency.During the period from 2001 to 2017,China’s extractive industry’s pure technological efficiency was effective,but the scale efficiency was ineffective.Technological innovation and foreign trade had positive effects on the improvement of environmental efficiency.Without regard to other influencing factors,industrial scale had a strong positive role in the improvement of environmental efficiency,but after incorporating factors such as technological innovation,environmental regulation intensity and foreign trade,industrial scale had no significant impact on environmental efficiency.