妊娠期糖尿病孕妇孕期体重指数增长对妊娠结局的影响

Influence of Body Mass Index Growth during Pregnancy on Pregnancy Outcomes in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

目的探讨妊娠期糖尿病孕妇孕期体重指数(BMI)增长对妊娠结局的影响。方法回顾性分析2017年2月至2020年2月于我院分娩的102例妊娠期糖尿病孕妇的临床资料,按照孕早期至终止妊娠前BMI增长幅度分为正常增长组(n=23)、中度增长组(n=52)和重度增长组(n=27),比较三组的妊娠结局。结果重度增长组的早产、子痫前期、胎儿窘迫发生率均高于中度增长组和正常增长组(P <0.05);三组的胎膜早破、羊水过多发生率比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。重度增长组的巨大儿发生率高于中度增长组和正常增长组(P <0.05);三组的高胆红素血症、新生儿窒息、湿肺发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论孕期BMI增长幅度过高会增加妊娠期糖尿病孕妇不良妊娠结局发生风险,妊娠期糖尿病孕妇应控制BMI增长幅度,以确保母婴安全。

Objective To explore the influence of body mass index(BMI)growth during pregnancy on pregnancy outcome in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods The clinical data of 102 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus delivered in our hospital from February 2017 to February 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the BMI growth from the first trimester to the termination of pregnancy,they were divided into normal growth group(n=23),moderate growth group(n=52)and severe growth group(n=27).The pregnancy outcomes were compared among the three groups.Results The incidences of premature birth,preeclampsia and fetal distress in the severe growth group were higher than those in the moderate growth group and the normal growth group(P<0.05).No statistical difference was found in the incidences of premature rupture of membranes and polyhydramnios among the three groups(P>0.05).The incidence of macrosomia in the severe growth group was higher than that in the moderate growth group and the normal growth group(P<0.05).No statistical difference was found in the incidences of hyperbilirubinemia,neonatal asphyxia and wet lung among the three groups(P>0.05).Conclusions Too-high BMI growth increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus,and pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus should control the BMI growth to ensure maternal and infant safety.