速度赛马粪便微生物种群差异的研究

Study on the differences of microbial populations in the digestive tract of speed horses

为筛选提高赛马竞技成绩的有益微生物,试验比较现役纯血速度赛马粪便微生物群落多样性及丰度差异。选择休赛一周的现役纯血马9匹,按比赛成绩分为A(16.8 m/s)、B(16.4 m/s)、C(16.3 m/s)3组。收集新鲜粪便样本,提取粪便样本菌群DNA,对微生物16S rDNA的V3~V4区序列Illumina测序。结果表明,A组与C组粪便微生物菌群之间在纲、种的分类菌群数上差异显著(P<0.05)。LDA效应分析A组马粪微生物标志物种为Bacteria、Firmicutes、Clostridia、Clostridiales、Veillonellaceae、Anaerovibrio,以上微生物标志物种在3组中的相对丰度分布为A组>B组>C组。A组的厌氧弧菌属(Anaerovibrio)、C组的根瘤菌目(Rhizobiales)的LDA效应值显著(P<0.05)。按马粪中微生物丰度,纲、目、科、属中分别有4、3、5、9、14组微生物差异(P<0.05)。研究表明,可以按微生物群落差异筛选出提高赛马成绩的消化道微生物制剂。

In order to screen beneficial microorganisms that can improve the performance of horse racing,the experiment compared the diversity and abundance of the fecal microbial community of active purebred race horses.Choose nine purebred horses in active week of off-season,and divide them into three groups of A(16.8 m/s),B(16.4 m/s)and C(16.3 m/s)according to the competition results.Collect fresh fecal samples,extract fecal samples to extract bacterial group DNA,and sequence Illumina sequence of V3~V4 region of microorganism 16S rDNA.The experimental results show that there is a significant difference in the number of class and species classification microflora between group A and group C fecal microflora(P<0.05).The relative abundance distributions of the three groups of horse manure microbial marker species Bacteria,Firmicutes,Clostridia,Clostridiales,Veillonellaceae,and Anaerovibrio in group A from high to low are group A,group B,and group C.The LDA effect of Anaerovibrio in group A and Rhizobiales in group C was significant(P<0.05)According to the microbial abundance in horse dung,there are 4,3,5,9,and 14 groups of microbial differences in classes,orders,families,and genera,respectively.The conclusion of the study is that the digestive tract microbial preparations that improve horse racing performance can be screened according to the differences in microbial communities.