宜机收玉米品种选育及配合力分析

Analysis on the Breeding and Combining Ability of Mechanical-reaped Maize Varieties

以吉林农业大学供试的12份玉米自交系、36份杂交组合为试验材料,对适机收性状株高、穗位高、收获时含水量、雄穗分枝数、茎粗和籽粒深度进行配合力分析。适机收的品种玉米应具有株高较低、穗位高较低、收获时含水量较低、雄穗分枝数较少、茎粗较粗和籽粒深度较高的特性。综合性状表现较好的自交系有J9312-1、J9D207、J1590和PHGJ4;表现较好杂交组合为J9D207×PHGJ4、J9312-1×PHGJ4、J9D207×PHGJ4、KWMM31×J1590、J9312-1×J1590、J9312-2×J1590。本研究可为适机收玉米新品种的选育提供理论参考。

Combining ability of 12 maize inbred lines and 36 hybrid combinations from Jilin Agricultural University was analyzed,including the plant height,ear height,water content at harvesting,tassel branch number,stem thickness and grain depth.Suitable machine harvesting varieties of maize should have the characteristics of lower plant height,lower ear height,lower water content at harvesting,fewer tassel branches,thicker steams and higher grain depth.The inbred lines with better comprehensive characters were J9312-1,J9 D207,J1590 and PHGJ4;the hybrid combinations with better performance were J9 D207×PHGJ4,J9312-1×PHGJ4,J9 D207×PHGJ4,KWMM31×J1590,J9312-1×J1590,J9312-2×J1590.It provides a theoretical reference for the selection and bleeding of new maize varieties suitable for mechanical harvest.