长期高海拔暴露对高原移居大学生睡眠质量的影响

Effects of Long-term Exposure to High Altitude on Sleep Quality of College Students Migrated to High Altitude

目的:考察长期高海拔暴露对高原移居大学生睡眠质量的影响。方法:采用分层随机抽样方法,选取世居和移居高海拔地区1463名大学生作为调查对象,并区分了移居者的移居时间,问卷测量采用人口学信息调查表和中文版匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)。结果:(1)高原低氧环境下移居大学生的睡眠障碍问题较为突出,睡眠质量较差者占20.5%;(2)高原移居大学生睡眠障碍的发生率高于世居者,且在睡眠质量、入睡时间、日间功能等方面表现较差;(3)移居大学生主要成长地的海拔高度影响其移居高海拔地区后的睡眠质量,相比于移居二年组和三年组,长期移居组睡眠质量最佳;(4)移居者的性别、有无高原反应、运动及饮酒习惯也是影响其睡眠质量的重要因素。结论:与世居大学生相比,高海拔暴露对移居大学生睡眠质量的影响更大;移居大学生移居前生活地所在的海拔高度影响其移居后的睡眠质量,低龄期在较高海拔生活的人对高原低氧环境更加适应,睡眠质量更好。

Objective To investigate the effect of long-term high altitude exposure on sleep quality of college stu⁃dents who migrated to high altitude.Methods By stratified random sampling method,1463 college students in⁃cluding native residents and immigrants in high altitude areas were selected as the sample subjects,and the mi⁃gration time of the immigrants was distinguished.Demographic information and Chinese version of Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI)were used to measure the questionnaire.Results(1)The problem of sleep disorder of migrant college students in high altitude hypoxic environment is more prominent,poor sleep quality accounted for 20.5%.(2)The incidence of sleep disorders was higher in the high altitude migrant college student than in na⁃tive residents,and their sleep quality,sleep time and daytime function were poor.(3)The altitude of the main growing area affects the sleep quality of college students after migrating to high-altitude areas.Compared with the two-year and three-year migration groups,the long-term migration group had the lowest sleep scale score and the best sleep quality.(4)Sex,altitude sickness,exercise and drinking habits were also important factors af⁃fecting sleep quality.Conclusions Compared with native college students,high altitude exposure has a greater impact on sleep quality of migrant college students.The altitude of their living place before migration affects their sleep quality after migration.The young people living at higher altitude are more adapted to the high alti⁃tude hypoxic environment and have better sleep quality.