学前教育公共服务供给的需求逻辑和现实选择

The Demand Logic and Realistic Choice of Public Service Supply of Preschool Education

从我国大众对学前教育资源的需求侧出发研判学前教育公共服务的供给现实,对于厘清当前学前教育资源的需求层次、提升学前教育公共服务供给质量具有关键意义。学前教育公共服务的目标应把握保基本和求发展的需求逻辑,从基本需求、差额需求和超额需求三个层次出发构建学前教育公共服务供给的差序格局。在明晰学前教育公共服务供给现实问题的基础上,提供公共性和共享性的普及化基本公共服务、公益性和分享性的普惠化补充性公共服务、私益性和独享性的个性化非公共服务,保证学前教育公共服务供给的可实现性和可获得性。对学前教育公共服务供给机制的设计探索,需积极构建责任共担与收益共享的供给制度,保证经费供给的可行性和可持续性,从参与主体、服务供给、成本分担、人员管理、监督管理五个维度设计供给路径。

Starting from the demand side of the public for preschool education resources in our country,this paper studies and judges the supply reality of preschool education public service,which is of great significance for clarifying the current demand level of preschool education resources and improving the supply quality of preschool education public service.The public service goal of preschool education should grasp the demand logic of maintaining the basic and seeking development,and build a differential supply pattern of preschool education public service from three levels of basic demand,marginal demand and excess demand.On the basis of clarifying the actual problems of the public service supply of preschool education,we should provide public and shared universal basic public services,public welfare and shared complementary public services,private and exclusive personalized non-public services,so as to ensure the realization and availability of the public service supply of preschool education.To design and explore the supply mechanism of preschool education public service,we need to actively construct a supply system of responsibility sharing and benefit sharing to ensure the feasibility and sustainability of fund supply,and design the supply path from five dimensions of participation entity,service supply,cost sharing,personnel management and supervision management.