中国近现代“革命”观念的演变

The Evolution of the Concept of“Revolution”in Modern China

中国近现代“革命”观念是来自中国、日本和西方的多种因素相互作用的结果,在其发展演变过程中,1895年是一个重要的节点:1895年之前,人们所具有的是“易姓”或改朝换代等传统意义上的“革命”观;1895年以后,“革命”开始被赋予新的含义,意味着要从社会、政治、经济、文化等各个领域进行彻底变革,中国的革命意识形态逐渐走向成熟。1919年开始,受到“十月革命”“无产阶级理论”影响,中国的现代“革命”观念获得了科学的支持,进入到马列主义话语时期,无产阶级革命理论最终确立。中国共产党把马克思主义与中国的具体实际相结合,宣扬并且践行“革命”观念,使之更具有正当性和合法性。新中国的建立,使中国“革命”观念从理论走到了现实。

The concept of“revolution”in modern China emerged around the year of 1895 due to the interaction of many factors from China,Japan and the West.Before 1895,“revolution”bore the traditional idea of dynasty replacement,while it was endowed with a new meaning after 1895,that is,making a thorough change in social,political,economic and cultural aspects.The revolutionary ideology of China has gradually come to maturity in this period.Since 1919,supported by science and influenced by the“October Revolution”and“Proletarian Theory”,the modern revolutionary concept of China has entered the period of expression of Marxism-Leninism when the proletarian revolutionary theory was established.Further more,the founding of new China enabled the theory of“revolution”in China to be combined with actual situation,and the Communist Party of China puts Marxism into practice,advocates the revolutionary concept,and what’s important,ensures its legitimacy and legality.