采用R290和R32的家用空调器全生命周期碳排放研究

Study on carbon emission of household air conditioners using R290 and R32 as refrigerants in whole life cycle

运用全生命周期评价方法分别对R290和R32分体式家用空调进行碳排放对比研究。结果表明:R290空调生命周期碳排放约为R32空调的85%;在原材料获取和回收处置阶段,虽然R32在所有材料中重量占比不到1.1%,却产生了高达78%的碳排放,说明用R290替代R32具有显著的环境效应。虽然提高制冷剂回收率和降低泄漏率有利于降低采用高GWP值制冷剂的空调碳排放,但考虑R32和R290都具有可燃性,需要谨慎采用制冷剂回收策略。

The life cycle assessment method was adopted to conduct comparative studies on the carbon emissions of R290 and R32 split-type household air conditioners.The results show that the life cycle carbon emission of R290 air conditioner is about 85%of that of R32 air conditioner.In the stage of raw material acquisition and recycling and disposal,although R32 accounts for less than 1.1%by weight in all materials,it generates up to 78%of carbon emissions,indicating that replacing R32 with R290 has significant environmental effects.Although increasing the recovery rate and reducing the leakage rate of refrigerant are beneficial to reduce the carbon emissions of air conditioners with high GWP refrigerants,considering the flammability of both R32 and R290,a refrigerant recovery strategy needs to be used with caution.