儿童主任政策实施现状及影响因素研究--基于地区和城乡的比较分析

Research on Implementation Status and Influencing Factors of Director for Children Policy:Based on a comparative analysis of regions and urban and rural areas

儿童主任政策在全国范围内的实施是健全我国儿童福利服务体系,将我国儿童福利服务落实到“最后一公里”的重要举措。通过对全国1025名儿童主任的调查分析发现,当前儿童主任政策运行机制完善程度较低,在一定程度上影响了政策执行的实际效果。外部支持因素和内部因素均对城市和东部地区儿童主任政策实施产生显著的正向影响,但对农村地区来说,只有政府部门支持、村民支持和儿童主任自身的专业能力三个因素对政策实施产生显著正向的影响;对于中西部地区来说,则只有政府部门支持和儿童主任自身专业能力对政策实施产生显著正向的影响。这其中,儿童主任自身专业能力是导致城乡、东部和中西部差异的首要因素。健全儿童主任政策的运行机制,加强农村和中西部地区的政策支持,提升儿童主任队伍专业能力是政策进一步落实的重要举措。

The nationwide implementation of the policy of“ Director of Children” is an important measure to improve the child welfare service system of our country and to carry out the childwelfare service to the “ last mile” . Through the investigation and analysis of 1025 “ directorfor children” in China, it is found that the operational mechanism of "director for children"policy is not perfect enough at present, which affects the actual effect of policy implementationto some extent. The achievement degree of specific targets and the actual effect of policyimplementation in urban and the eastern regions are significantly higher than that in rural andthe central and west regions. Both external and internal factors have a significant positive impacton the policy implementation of "children director" in urban and eastern areas, but for ruralareas, only the support of government departments, the support of villagers and the professionalability of "children director" themselves have a significant positive impact on the policyimplementation. For the central and western regions, only the support of government departmentsand the professional ability of "children directors" have a significant positive impacton the policy implementation. Among them, the professional ability of "director of children"is the primary factor that leads to the difference between urban and rural areas, the eastand the central and western regions. To further implement the policy, it is important to improvethe operation mechanism of the policy, strengthen the policy support in rural areas andthe central and western regions, and enhance the professional ability of the team of "childrendirectors".