儿童气道黏液高分泌的管理

Management of airway mucus hypersecretion in children

气道黏液通常是呼吸道的第一道防线,是先天免疫的重要组成部分。分泌出现异常时可导致气道黏液高分泌,黏液聚集并阻塞气道,可引起通气功能障碍;同时过量黏液可降低黏液纤毛清除功能和局部防御功能,导致出现反复呼吸道感染。气道黏液高分泌与支气管哮喘、囊性纤维化、支气管扩张、下呼吸道感染等多种疾病密切相关,是影响这些疾病发生、发展及预后的重要因素。临床医生应充分认识到加强儿童气道黏液高分泌管理的重要性,在药物治疗基础上选择合适的物理治疗方法。

Airway mucus is usually the first line of defense of respiratory tract and an important part of innate immunity.However,the abnormal secretion can result in airway mucus hypersecretion,mucus accumulation and airway obstruction,which can cause ventilation dysfunction;at the same time,excessive mucus can reduce mucociliary clearance function and local defense function,leading to repeated respiratory tract infection.Airway mucus hypersecretion is closely related to bronchial asthma,cystic fibrosis,bronchiectasis,lower respiratory tract infection and other diseases,which is an important factor affecting the occurrence,development and prognosis of these diseases.Clinicians should fully realize the importance of strengthening the management of airway mucus hypersecretion in children,and select appropriate physical therapy methods on the basis of drug therapy.