技术逻辑下保罗·莱文森媒介进化论中的“人本主义”建构

Construction of“Humanism”in Paul Levinson’s Media Evolution under the Logic of Technology

人类社会中媒介进化发展遵循着一种技术逻辑。对于这种技术逻辑的解读,传统媒介环境学派代表人物麦克卢汉、波兹曼强调媒介技术不仅构建了人的感知系统而且重组了人的心灵,认为技术控制人类的生活、思维方式和行为模式,然而他们对媒介进化中人的能动性缺乏关注。保罗·莱文森在对他们的理论进行继承和扬弃基础上,通过构建媒介进化中的“人本主义”,使得人类理性成为技术演化的“自然环境”、人类非完美性成为技术补救性演化内因、人类需求性成为媒介技术演化逻辑归宿,从而搭建起媒介与人类互促互构的目标和规律,致力于克服技术主义范式下人性假设上的缺陷。

The evolution of media in human society follows a technical logic.For the interpretation of this logic,Marshall McLuhan,Neil Postman,the representative of the traditional media ecology,put emphasis on media technology not only to construct a system of people’s perception,but also recombine the soul.They think technology control human life,human way of thinking and behavior patterns.However,they pay little attention to people’s initiative in media evolution.On the basis of inheriting and sublating their theories,Levinson set up“humanism”in media evolution,making human rationality the“natural environment”of technological evolution,human imperfection the internal cause of technological remedial evolution,and human demand the logical end-result of media technological evolution.It sets up the goal and law of mutual promotion and mutual construction between media and human beings,and strives to overcome the defects of human nature hypothesis under the paradigm of technicism.