智媒研究综述:人工智能在新闻业中的应用及其伦理反思

Review of Intelligent Media Research:Application of Artificial Intelligence in Journalism and Its Ethical Reflections

人工智能已嵌入新闻业的全过程中,本研究梳理了国内外与智能媒体相关的文献,发现研究主题主要包含四类:新闻传播实务变革,表现为人工智能在新闻采集、生产、分发和核查等环节的应用及影响;新闻传播学研究范式革新,主要为新闻传播本体论反思及理论创新;伦理争议,包括“非真实”“偏见和歧视”“低透明度”“违背个人信息保护”和“损害个体自主”;伦理归责,包括伦理责任主体的区分、归责依据的探讨以及伦理责任体系的构建。本文旨在为智能媒体相关的研究提供知识脉络。

Artificial intelligence has been embedded in the whole process of journalism.This study reviewed researches related to intelligent media and found that the research topics include four categories.The first is the practical reform of journalism and communication,which is embodied in the application and influence of artificial intelligence in news gathering,production,distribution and verification and so on.The second is the reform of research paradigms of journalism and communication,which is reflected in the ontological reflection of journalism and communication and its theoretical innovation.Thirdly,some researches discussed various ethical controversies such as“the untruth”,“the bias and discrimination”,“the low transparency”,“the violation of personal information protection”and“the impairment of individual autonomy”.Finally,some studies focused on the issues related to ethical responsibilities,including the distinction of subjects of ethical responsibilities,the discussion of the imputation and the construction of the system of ethical responsibilities.The purpose of this study is to provide the knowledge context for researches of intelligent media.