考试焦虑的产生、作用机制及干预研究综述

A Review of Research on the Generation,Mechanism and Intervention of Test Anxiety

随着高风险考试对教育系统和个人决策的影响不断增加,理解考试焦虑与个体的关系变得更加重要。考试焦虑的产生受个体多方面因素的影响和调节,家庭、课堂及考试环境等社会因素也会诱发考试焦虑,进而通过消耗认知资源,结合动机、认知评价等因素共同影响学业成绩。目前已开发出多种考试焦虑的干预措施,但仍存在局限性,未来可继续探讨考试焦虑与成绩关系的方向性、在学习-考试周期的不同阶段对个体影响的差异及干预疗法的本土化。

With the increasing impact of high-stakes testing on the educational system and individual decision-making,it is more important to understand the relationship between test anxiety and individuals.The generation of test anxiety is affected and regulated by many factors of individuals.Social factors such as family,school and test environment can also induce test anxiety,and then affect academic performance through the consumption of cognitive resources,combined with motivation,cognitive evaluation and other factors.Various interventions have been developed,but there are still some limitations.In the future,we can continue to explore the direction of the relationship between test anxiety and achievement,the differences in the impact of test anxiety on individuals at different stages of the learning-test cycle,and the localization of intervention therapy.