晚唐诗人顾云籍贯辨论

Discrimination and Discussion on the Native Place of Gu Yun in the Late Tang Dynasty

晚唐诗人顾云“文名籍甚”,关于其籍贯,学界有多种说法。《新唐书》载顾云为池州人;《直斋书录解题》载其为秋浦人;《新唐书》又称其为吴人,顾云也自称“勾吴寒族”;因“勾吴”等名称常常用来指称曾为春秋吴国都城的苏州,故又有苏州人一说;《北梦琐言》则说顾云是钱塘人。顾云在文章中明确地说过其家是寓居、编籍池州,因而池州(秋浦)是其占籍而非原籍。在唐宋诗文中,“勾吴”“吴中”“吴门”等并不只专指苏州,也常常泛称吴地。顾云文中的“吴”实际上是一个大的文化地理区域概念,而不是指籍贯,因此“吴人”“苏州人”之说不可靠。《北梦琐言》为距离顾云生活时代很近的五代时期的文献,唐宋人也常称“钱塘”为“吴门”,所以可断定顾云为钱塘人。

Gu Yun is a well-known poet of the late Tang Dynasty.For his native place,there are a variety of views.He is said to be from Chizhou in New Book of Tang,from Qiupu in Solicited Book of Zhizhai and from Qiantang in Bei Meng Suo Yan.New Book of Tang also calls him a“Wu State people”while he also said he was from“the low class of Gouwu”.Because names like“Gouwu”were often used to refer to Suzhou,which was once the capital of Wu in the Spring and Autumn Period,some believe that Gu Yun came from Suzhou.Indeed,Gu Yun explicitly stated in his article that his family was a dweller and a registrar of Chizhou,so Chizhou(Qiupu)was his registered permanent residence rather than his native place.In Tang and Song poetry,“Gouwu”,“Wuzhong”,and“Wumen”not merely refer to Suzhou,but also refer to the State of Wu.“Wu”in Gu Yun’s article is actually a pretty broad cultural and geographical concept instead of referring to his native place.Therefore,it is not correct to say that he is“Wu people”or“Suzhou people”.Since Bei Meng Suo Yan is literature of the Five Dynasties(907-960)close to Gu Yun’s life,and people in the Tang and Song Dynasties often called“Qiantang”“Wumen”,we can conclude that Gu Yun is a Qiantang people.