换流变压器油蒸汽爆炸的三维仿真研究

3D Simulation of Oil Vapor Explosion in Converter Transformer

换流变压器套管存在缺陷时,内部变压器油在高温或电弧作用下受热分解产生大量烃类混合气体,会发生蒸汽爆炸。基于数值模拟技术,搭建油蒸汽爆炸的三维仿真模型,开展不同泄压面积和不同TNT当量下的抗爆门压力分布研究。研究结果表明:随着泄压面积或TNT当量的增加,发生爆炸事故时造成的压力峰值也相应增大;当泄漏气体的TNT当量小于1000 g时,在爆炸点附近位置开口泄压有较明显效果;当泄漏气体充满整个房间时,墙面监测点的最大压力略有上升,在爆炸点附近采用2 m^(2)和5 m^(2)的泄压面积效果并不明显,为降低墙面压力,则需要考虑在墙面附近位置设计泄压口。该研究结果对泄爆口的尺寸和位置设计具有指导作用。

When converter transformer bushing is defective,transformer oil is subjected to high temperature or electric arc,it will be decomposed by heat and produce a large number of mixed gases such as hydrocarbons,which will lead to vapor explosion.Based on numerical simulation technique,3 D simulation model of oil vapor explosion was built,and itwas studied that pressure distribution of anti-detonation door under different pressure release areas and different TNT equivalent.The results show that the peak value of overpressure caused by explosion accident also increases correspondingly with the increase of pressure release areas or TNT equivalent.When the TNT equivalent of leaking gas is less than 1000 g,the pressure release at the opening near the explosion point is more obvious.When the leakage gas fills the whole room,the maximum overpressure at the monitoring point of the wall increases slightly,and the pressure relief area of 2 m^(2) and 5 m^(2) near the explosion point is not obvious.In order to reduce the pressure of wall,it is necessary to consider the design of pressure release areas near the wall.The results have an important guiding role in designing size of explosion release door.