小型化轴向振动式蓝莓采摘机设计与试验

Design and experiment of the miniaturized axial-vibrating blueberry picker

目前我国蓝莓需求大但采摘作业困难,为了更好地实现机械化蓝莓采摘,根据农艺要求设计了一种振动式蓝莓采摘机。分析了蓝莓采摘机的工作原理,介绍了装置各部分的结构组成。整机进行了小型化设计,采用轴向振动的方式采摘蓝莓。在工作过程中蓝莓采摘机的采摘力可调,振动采摘子系统中增加弹簧系统,具有一定的柔性,且振动采摘子系统中的振动指棒系统在装置行进过程中能被动旋转,减少对蓝莓植株的伤害。为了验证蓝莓机工作性能,进行了采摘试验,试验结果表明蓝莓采摘机的采净率为94.9%,枝条损伤率为6.7%,叶片损伤率为4.5%,青果脱落率为6.5%,蓝莓机采摘效果较好,设计合理。

At present,there is a great demand for blueberries in China,but picking operation is difficult.In this article,in order to better realize the mechanized blueberry picking,the vibrating blueberry picker is designed according to the agronomic requirements.Efforts are made to explore the working principle of the blueberry picker and introduce the structure of each part.The whole device is miniaturized,and blueberries are picked by means of axial vibration.During the working process,the picking force of the blueberry picker is adjustable,and the spring system is added to the vibrating subsystem,which has certain flexibility.In addition,the vibrating stick system in the subsystem can passively rotate during the traveling process of the device,so as to reduce the damage to blueberry plants.In order to verify the working performance of the blueberry picker,some picking experiments are carried out.The results show that the picking rate of the blueberry picker is 94.9%,the damage rate of branches is6.7%,the damage rate of leaves is 4.5%,and the shedding rate of green fruit is 6.5%.As a result,the picking effect of this device is good and its design is reasonable.