脊柱生物力学研究的回顾与展望

Retrospect and Prospect on Researches of Spine Biomechanics

脊柱生物力学研究是认识脊柱功能、脊柱发病机制和选择脊柱治疗手段的重要基础。从脊柱的基本构成单位椎骨、椎间盘、韧带、脊柱功能单位以及整体脊柱5个层面总结归纳这些领域的生物力学基本研究进展和成果,包括人体标本的体内和体外试验、动物标本的体内和体外试验以及数学模型等不同研究方法的结果。同时,凝练部分了解尚不充分的生物力学数据,这将成为未来重要的研究方向。

The study of spine biomechanics is an important foundation for understanding spine function,spine pathogenesis as well as selection of spinal therapeutic approaches.This review summarizes the basic research progress and results of spine biomechanics from five aspects,including the individual components of spine(such as spinal vertebrae),intervertebral discs,ligaments and functional spinal units and the whole spine.All these studies include the in vitro and in vivo experiments on human spinal specimens and animal spinal specimens,and the results of different research methods such as the mathematical model.This review also summarizes some of the poorly understood biomechanical data,which would become an important research direction in the future.