摘要
抗生素作为主要的饲料添加剂在几十年的广泛应用过程中造成了致病菌耐药性增强、动物免疫力降低、影响动物疫苗的效价、通过食物链影响人体健康等亟待解决的问题。我国农业农村部已发布公告,自2020年起我国饲料全面禁止添加使用抗生素类添加剂,饲料行业正式进入“无抗时代”。长期以来,研究人员积极寻求研发各种抗生素替代品及绿色无害的饲料添加剂,以消除或减轻禁用抗生素带来的一系列影响。就目前主要抗生素替代品的抗菌特点及抗菌机理进行综述,旨在为“禁抗”后抗菌性添加剂在饲料中的应用提供参考。
Antibiotics are used as the main feed additives in livestock and poultry.However,their extensive applications over the past decades have resulted in a series of problems which are needed urgently to be solved.For example,antimicrobial resistance of pathogenic bacteria has been enhanced,animal immunity and animal vaccine titer have been reduced,and human health has been affected through food chain.China′s Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs had issued a notice that the use of antibiotics additives should be banned in China′s feed industry since the year of 2020,and the feed industry has officially entered an antibiotic-free era.For a long time,researchers have been actively seeking to develop various antibiotics substitutes as well as green and harmless feed additives to eliminate or mitigate the influences brought by prohibition of using antibiotics.In this paper,the antibacterial characteristics and mechanisms of the main antibiotics substitutes are reviewed,in hoping to provide references for the application of antibacterial additives in feed after the ban of antibiotics.
作者
由大鹏
张絮颖
刘丽娜
红敏
吴国庆
高凤林
YOU Da-peng;ZHANG Xu-ying;LIU Li-na;Hongmin;WU Guo-qing;GAO Feng-lin(Tongliao Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Tongliao028007,China;Baotou Light Industry Vocational and Technical College,Baotou014000,China;Chifeng Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Chifeng024000,China;Animal Health Supervision Institute of Jarud Banner,Jarud Banner029100,China;Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Naiman Banner,Naiman Banner028300,China)
出处
《畜牧与饲料科学》
2021年第3期39-42,52,共5页
Animal Husbandry and Feed Science
关键词
抗生素替代品
饲料添加剂
作用机制
antibiotics substitutes
feed additives
action mechanism