基于利益相关者视角的再生水项目成本-效益评估模型及其应用

Cost-benefit Model and Its Application of Reclaimed Water Project Based on Perspective of Stakeholders

再生水回用已成为缓解水资源短缺和改善水环境的重要措施之一,明确再生水项目的不同利益主体,合理分配各方利益,是促进再生水项目可持续运行的关键。基于利益相关者视角,从经济、环境、社会三方面构建了再生水回用项目的成本效益指标体系,并采用机会成本法、伤残调整寿命年等方法对各指标进行定量评估,并将该模型应用于高碑店市污水处理厂再生水回用项目中。结果表明,该项目具有经济可行性。但从不同利益相关者所获得的效益来看,污水处理厂和政府所获得的效益远高于用户,然而用户还要承担较高的健康风险,这可能会影响再生水的回用效率,决策者应重视。

The reuse of reclaimed water has become one of the important measures to alleviate the shortage of water resources and improve the water environment.Clarifying the different stakeholders of the reclaimed water project and rationally distributing the interests of all parties are the key to promoting the sustainable operation of the reclaimed water project.This study constructed the cost-benefit index system of reclaimed water reuse project from three aspects of economy,environment and society based on the stakeholder perspective.The model was applied to the reclaimed water reuse project of Gaobeidian Sewage Treatment Plant.The results show that the project is economically acceptable.However,from the perspective of benefits obtained by different stakeholders,the benefits obtained by sewage treatment plants and governments are much higher than those of users,and the users also have to bear higher health risks,which may affect the efficiency of reusing reclaimed water.Therefore,it should be paid attention by decision makers.