不同水源原水溶解性有机物特性分析

Characteristic Analysis of Dissolved Organic Matter in Different Surface Waters

为了解不同水源原水中溶解性有机物的特性,分别从亲疏水性、比紫外吸光度(SUVA)、分子量分布和三维荧光特性4个方面对赣江和鄱阳湖原水进行了研究。结果表明,两地原水整体上呈现疏水性和亲水性组分各占一半,且强疏和中亲组分占比较高,而弱疏和极亲组分占比较少的状况。其中赣江原水中强疏、中亲、弱疏和极亲组分占比(以DOC计)依次为37.28%、38.99%、14.54%和9.19%;赣江原水中强疏、弱疏和极亲组分的SUVA值(4.47、3.44和4.14)远高于中亲组分(1.22),而鄱阳湖原水中强疏和弱疏组分的SUVA值(1.49和1.51)略高于极亲和中亲组分(1.00和0.70);两地原水中的有机物分子量呈现出较为相似的规律,即多以中等分子量(1~10 kDa)有机物为主,同时还含有少量小分子量(<1000 Da)有机物,而在大分子量(>10 kDa)区域无响应峰出现;两地原水均以富里酸和腐殖酸等腐殖质类疏水性有机物为主,但鄱阳湖原水中表现出的蛋白质类荧光峰较赣江原水更为明显。该研究为了解不同水源原水中溶解性有机物特性提供了参考,同时也为采取合理的控制措施(如臭氧氧化、活性炭吸附或膜滤技术等)提供了理论依据。

In order to understand the characteristics of dissolved organic matter(DOM)in different surface waters,the Ganjiang River and Poyang Lake were studied from four aspects:hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity,SUVA,molecular weight distribution and three-dimensional fluorescence characteristics.The results of hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity analyses show that as a whole the hydrophobic fractions and the hydrophilic fractions in the two surface waters each accounted for roughly half,and the high hydrophobic fraction(HPO)and neutral hydrophilic fraction(N-HPI)accounted for a relatively high amount,while the transphilic fraction(TPI)and charged hydrophilic fraction(C-HPI)had less content,in which the proportions of HPO,N-HPI,TPI and C-HPI(calculated as DOC)in the Ganjiang River were 37.28%,38.99%,14.54%and 9.19%,respectively.The SUVA values of the fractions in the two surface waters were different.The SUVA values(4.47,3.44,4.14)of the HPO,TPI,and C-HPI in the Ganjiang River were much higher than that of the N-HPI(1.22).However,the SUVA value(1.49,1.51)of the HPO and TPI in the Poyang Lake were slightly higher than that of the C-HPI(1.00)and N-HPI(0.70).Moreover,the molecular weight distribution show that the molecular weight of DOM in the two surface waters presented a relatively similar rule,i.e.the DOM with a medium molecular weight(1-10 kDa)was the main component,and it also contained a small amount of DOM with a small molecular weight(<1000 Da),while for the high molecular weight(>10 kDa)no response peak appeared in the region.Three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy show that the surface waters were mainly humic acid-like hydrophobic DOM such as fulvic acid and humic acid,but the protein-like fluorescence peaks in the surface water of Poyang Lake were more obvious than those in the Ganjiang River.This research idea provids a reference for understanding the characteristics of dissolved organic matter in raw water from different sources,and the research results also offer a theoretical basis for taking reasonable control measures(such as ozone oxidation,activated carbon adsorption or membrane filtration technology,etc.).