道不同,不相为谋?上司—下属绩效目标导向匹配对下属创新行为的影响

Different Thought, Different Way? The Impact of Leader-Follower Congruence in Performance Goal Orientation on Followers’ Innovative Behavior

绩效目标导向常被视为创新表现的动因,但以往研究却忽视了上司—下属绩效目标导向的匹配效应,进而始终无法揭示绩效目标导向与创新行为的关系全貌。基于创造力成分理论,探讨了上司-下属绩效目标导向匹配对下属创新行为的影响机制。本研究采用来自8家企业的216份上司-下属配对数据,结合二次多项式回归与响应曲面建模技术,结果表明:与绩效趋近目标导向不匹配相比,绩效趋近目标导向匹配的情况下,下属创新性过程投入水平更高:然而,上述关系规律并不适用于绩效回避目标导向。此外,当绩效趋近目标导向匹配时,与"低-低"匹配相比,"高-高"匹配的情况下,下属创新性过程投入水平更高;当绩效趋近目标导向不匹配时,与"高-低"不匹配相比,"低-高"不匹配的情况下,下属创新性过程投入水平更高;绩效回避目标导向的作用效果则相反。下属创新性过程投入在绩效趋近、回避目标导向匹配对创新行为的影响中起中介作用。本研究从上司-下属二元互动视角揭示了上司与下属绩效目标导向的不同组合情况对下属认知表现及行为表现产生的复杂效应,为下属绩效目标导向的影响效果研究提供了突破路径,为上下级之间的良性互动提供了实践指导。

Follower’s performance goal orientation is often regarded as the reason guiding his own work performance, but most previous studies have neglected the congruence effect of performance goal orientation between leaders and followers, thus failing to reveal the overall relationship between performance goal orientation and innovative behavior. Based on the creativity composition theory, this study explores the impact mechanism of leader-follower congruence in performance goal orientation on follower’s innovative behavior. We collected 216 leader-follower paired data from 8 enterprises and conducted quadratic polynomial regression and response surface modeling. The results showed that: Compared with incongruence in performance approach goal orientation,follower had a higher level of creative process engagement in the scenario of congruence in performance approach goal orientation;however, this relationship cannot apply to performance avoidance goal orientation. In the scenario of congruence in performance approach goal orientation, the creative process engagement was relatively higher in "high-high" case than in "low-low" case. In the scenario of incongruence in performance approach goal orientation,the creative process engagement was relatively higher in "low-high" case than in "high-low" case. Meanwhile, an opposite impact of performance avoidance goal orientation was observed.. Follower’s creative process engagement played an intermediary role in the impact of leader-follower congruence in performance goal orientation on follower’s innovative behavior. From the perspective of dyadic interaction between leaders and followers, this study revealed the complex impacts of leader-follower performance goal orientation on follower’s cognitive and behavioral performance, thereby providing a breakthrough path for the study on the performance goal orientation and practical guidance for the benign interaction between leaders and followers.