摘要
简谐振动是工科大学物理教学中一个重要的教学内容.而非惯性参照系中的简谐振动在大学物理教材中鲜有涉及.学生对于非惯性系中简谐振动的条件和运动规律物理图像不清晰,容易出现认知错误.采用最简单的分析方法,引用惯性力,以弹簧振子、单摆、复摆为例对振动系统进行了动力学分析.结果发现,在非惯性系中,系统是否仍做简谐振动,取决于被选用的非惯性参照系和振动系统.振动系统不同,所在的非惯性系不同,振动条件也各不相同.在大部分情况下,系统振动的周期和角频率不再唯一地取决于振动系统,而是与非惯性系密切相关.
Simple harmonic vibration is one important component part of the teaching system for engineering course physics.Little attention is paid to simple harmonic vibration in a non-inertial frame in the current college physical texbooks.Students are not clear about the conditions and laws of simple harmonic vibration in the non-inertial system.They can't build correct physical images.So they tend to make cognitive errors.In this work,the simplest analysis method is adopted by employing the inertial force.The dynamic analysis of the system is carried out with the spring-vibrator,simple pendulum and compound pendulum as examples.It is found that whether the system still performs simple harmonic vibration depends on the non-inertial reference frame and vibration system we choose.If the non-inertial reference frame and vibration system are different,the conditions required for simple harmonic vibration differ from one another.The vibration cycle and corner frequency of system are no longer uniquely determined by the vibration system,but are closely related to the non-inertial system.
作者
米仪琳
Mi Yilin(College of Science,North China University of Technology,Beijing 100144)
出处
《物理通报》
CAS
2021年第7期15-19,共5页
Physics Bulletin
基金
北方工业大学教育教学改革和课程建设研究重点项目“大类招生背景下物理学对创新型人才培养的研究——以大学物理模块IV为例”,项目编号:NCUT2017JGZ017。
关键词
简谐振动
非惯性系
周期
角频率
simple harmonic vibration
non-inertial frame
cycle
corner frequency