糖尿病肾病尿液生物标志物研究进展及展望

Research Progress and Prospects of Urine Biomarkers for Diabetic Nephropathy

糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropathy,DN)早期诊疗过程中,尿白蛋白(urinary albmin,UAlB)具有重要检测价值,但是其诊断特异性与灵敏度有待提升,很多学者致力于发现更理想生物标志物。由于DN发生与进展均和肾小管、肾小球间质损伤有关,故通过尿液生物标志物检测可更准确评估患者肾脏损伤程度。本文主要从肾小球损伤、肾小管损伤、肾纤维化、炎症及应激反应生物标志物等方面对DN尿液生物标志物研究进展及未来展望作简要综述。

Detection of urinary albumin(UAlB)is of great value in the early diagnosis and treatment of diabetic nephropathy(DN).However,its diagnostic specificity and sensitivity need to be improved.Many scholars are committed to identifying more ideal biomarkers.Since the occurrence and progression of DN are related to renal tubule and glomerular interstitial damage,detecting urine biomarkers can facilitate a more accurate assessment of the degree of renal damage in patients.Herein,the research progress and prospect of urine biomarkers for DN were briefly reviewed from the aspects of glomerular injury,renal tubular injury,renal fibrosis,inflammation and stress response.