美国牛蛙(Lithobates catesbeianus)在西藏拉鲁湿地中的体质指标及主要行为特征

Study on the Body Condition and Main Behavior Characteristics of American Bullfrog(Lithobates catesbeianus)in the Lhalu Wetland National Nature Reserve in Tibet

入侵物种对生态系统有着严重的负面影响,美国牛蛙作为典型的入侵物种,在拉萨拉鲁湿地国家级自然保护区内已发现其踪迹。基于对高原湿地生物多样性的保护原则,文章采用样线法、标志重捕法和瞬时扫描法,研究了美国牛蛙在拉鲁湿地中的体质指标和主要行为特征。研究结果发现,美国牛蛙在一年之内可能繁殖两次,在体质指标方面,美国牛蛙的体重与体长之间存在正相关(ρ=0.87,S=196.49,P<0.0001);在行为方面,通过近似t检验发现捕食与休息之间存在显著差异(t=-4.584,df=136.28,P<0.000001)。美国牛蛙的体质指标和行为均表明,该物种在拉鲁湿地内没有天敌,生长状况良好。

Invasive species have a severe negative impact on ecosystems. American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbe⁃ ianus) is considered one of the most ferocious invasive species in the world and its traces have been found in the Lhalu Wetland National Nature Reserve. Based on the principle of protecting the biodiversity of the plateau wet⁃ land, in this study, the sample line method, capture and recapture method and instantaneous scanning method were used to examine the physical and main behavior characteristics of American bullfrog in the Lhalu Wet⁃ land. The results showed that the American bullfrog might reproduce twice in one year. In terms of physical phe⁃ notypic index, there was a positive correlation between the body weight and body length of the American bull⁃ frog (ρ=0.87, S=196.49, P<0.0001). In terms of behavior, the approximate t-test showed that there was a signifi⁃ cant difference between predation and rest (t=-4.584, df=136.28, P<0.000001). The physical and behavior char⁃ acteristics of American bullfrog showed that the species has no natural enemies in the Lhalu Wetland and grows in good condition.