区块链存证制度的技术特征与司法实践优化探析

Analysis on the Technical Characteristics and Judicial Practice Optimization of Blockchain Certificate System

随着5G互联时代的到来,电子数据种类和形式呈现出爆发式增长趋势,电子数据在社会纠纷及司法审判领域扮演的角色也愈发重要。然而,传统电子证据因受真实性分辨度低、关联证据可溯性不强、司法效力弱等制约越来越难以满足司法审判的需要。区块链技术则打破了传统电子证据认定藩篱,以防篡改、可证实、多元混存等优势,在杭州、北京等互联网法院司法实践中取得显著成效。然而,我国法律制度尚未对区块链存证制度进行规制,导致其在实践中存证平台资质不明、原件与复制件之争等问题突出。由此,基于区块链存证制度的司法实践进行探析,提出“区块链+前端控制”“区块链+虚拟证据制度”“区块链+信用司法”优化路径,以期推进区块链存证技术的司法应用,助力网络司法、高效司法。

With the advent of the 5G Internet era,the types and forms of electronic data have shown an explosive growth trend,and the role of electronic data in social disputes and judicial trials has become increasingly important.However,traditional electronic evidence is increasingly difficult to meet the needs of judicial trials due to its low authenticity resolution,weak traceability of related evidence,and weak judicial effectiveness.Blockchain technology has broken the traditional electronic evidence identification barriers.With its advantages such as anti-tampering,verifiability,and multiple mixed storage,it has made useful explorations in the judicial practice of Internet courts in Hangzhou and Beijing.However,China s legal system has not yet regulated the blockchain certificate system,and in practice the qualifications of the certificate platform are unknown,and issues such as the dispute between the original and the duplicate are prominent.Therefore,based on the judicial practice analysis of the blockchain certificate system,this article proposes the optimization path of“blockchain+front-end control”,“blockchain+virtual evidence system”,“blockchain+credit justice”,in order to promote the judicial application of blockchain deposit technology and help network justice and efficient justice.