从马克思时代的“两个和解”到新时代的“两个共同体”:共产党的人的全面发展之路

From“Two Reconciliation”In Marx’s Era to“Two Communities”in the New Era:The Road of People’s All-Round Development of the Communist Party

人与自然的关系、人与人的关系是人类生存和发展的两个基本维度。“人与自然和解、人与人和解”的“两个和解”思想是马克思恩格斯关于实现人的自由、解放和全面发展的共产主义在实践中的具体量度。中国特色社会主义进入新时代,习近平总书记提出了“人与自然是生命共同体”“人类命运共同体”的“两个共同体”理念。本文分析了“两个和解”思想的内涵,从自我意识的哲学视域、经济事实视域和社会发展规律视域提出人的自由解放和全面发展是马克思主义创立者终生追求的价值目标。通过阐释“人与自然是生命共同体”和人民美好生活的价值观、“人类命运共同体”和人类共同发展的价值观,解读了“两个共同体”理念的内在关联性,提出“两个共同体”理念是“两个和解”思想在内涵和实现方式上的发展和创新,有助于在全球广泛的交往实践中推动人类共同发展。

The relationship between man and nature and the relationship between man and man are the two basic dimensions of human survival and development.The“two reconciliations”thought of“the reconciliation between man and nature and between man and man”is the concrete measure in practice of Marx and Engels’communism about the realization of man’s freedom,liberation and all-round development.As socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era,general secretary Xi Jinping has put forward the idea of“two communities”:“man and nature are a community of life”and“mankind is a community of shared future”.This paper analyzes the connotation of the thought of“two reconciliations”,and points out that the free liberation and all-round development of human beings are the value goals that the founders of Marxism pursue all their lives from the philosophical perspective of self-consciousness,the perspective of economic fact and the perspective of social development law.The article explains“human and nature are a community of life”and the values of people’s better life,as well as“human community with a shared future”and the values of common development of mankind.By explaining the values of“human and nature are the life community”and the people’s good life,the values of“the community of human destiny”and human common development,this paper interprets the internal relevance of the idea of“two communities”,and puts forward that the idea of“two communities”is the development and innovation of the thought of“two reconciliation”in the connotation and realization mode,It is conducive to promoting the common development of mankind in the practice of global communication.