西双版纳州少数民族地区盆底超声临床应用研究

Clinical Application of Pelvic Floor Ultrasound in Minority Areas in Xishuangbanna Prefecture

目的研究和分析盆底超声在西双版纳州少数民族地区的应用情况。方法选择1000例2016年12月—2020年6月西双版纳州少数民族地区女性为研究对象,根据会阴四维超声检查结果将所选研究对象分成对照组与观察组,对照组(n=263)女性无生育史,观察组(n=737)女性有生育史,探讨和分析盆底超声检查的应用价值。结果静息状态时检查对象宫颈外口位置、膀胱颈位置均大于最大Valsalva动作,最大Valsalva动作时检查对象肛提肌裂孔面积、尿道旋转角、尿道膀胱后角及膀胱颈活动度均大于静息状态,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组膀胱逼尿肌厚度(4.24±0.65)mm、尿道膀胱后角(147.35±6.59)°、膀胱颈移动度(26.47±4.53)mm、肛提肌裂孔面积(26.78±4.92)cm2等各项盆底超声指标水平均高于对照组(2.57±0.41)mm、(119.45±6.78)°、(13.14±3.09)mm、(15.65±3.76)cm2,组间差异有统计学意义(t=38.983、58.495、44.186、33.370,P<0.05)。结论盆底超声有助于临床准确评估女性静息状态及最大Valsalva动作时盆底功能指标,可为临床进行盆底功能障碍性疾病诊断以及患者预后评估提供重要依据。

Objective To study and analyze the application of pelvic floor ultrasound in ethnic minority areas in Xishuangbanna Prefecture.Methods Selected 1000 cases of women in ethnic minority areas in Xishuangbanna Prefecture from December 2016 to June 2020 as the research objects.According to the results of perineal four-dimensional ultrasound examination,the selected research objects were divided into a control group and an observation group.There were no reproductive history women in the control group(n=263).The observation group(n=737)women had reproductive history,to explore and analyze the application value of pelvic floor ultrasound.Results In the resting state,the position of the external cervix and bladder neck of the examinee was greater than the maximum Valsalva movement.In the maximum Valsalva movement,the area of the levator ani hiatus,urethral rotation angle,posterior urethral bladder angle,and bladder neck mobility were greater than those in the resting state,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Observation group bladder detrusor thickness(4.24±0.65)mm,posterior urethral bladder angle(147.35±6.59)°,bladder neck movement(26.47±4.53)mm,area of levator ani muscle(26.78±4.92)cm2,etc.pelvic floor ultrasound index levels were higher than those of the control group(2.57±0.41)mm,(119.45±6.78)°,(13.14±3.09)mm,(15.65±3.76)cm2,and the difference between the groups was statistically significant(t=38.983,58.495,44.186,33.370,P<0.05).Conclusion Pelvic floor ultrasound is helpful for clinically accurate assessment of female resting state and pelvic floor function indexes during maximum Valsalva maneuver,which can provide important basis for clinical diagnosis of pelvic floor dysfunction diseases and patient prognosis evaluation.