Myostatin基因突变激发骨骼肌发育机制研究进展

Research Progress on the Mechanism of Skeletal Muscle Development Stimulated by Myostatin Gene Mutation

肌肉生长抑制素基因(myostatin,MSTN)是骨骼肌发育的负调节因子,在不同物种中具有高度保守性。自然突变或通过基因编辑技术对该基因进行操作,均可以获得肌肉异常发达的动物个体。研究表明,MSTN基因突变可以通过多种调控途径影响肌肉发育过程。因此,从成肌细胞增殖、分化、蛋白质合成分解代谢、组蛋白修饰以及巨噬细胞极化等5个方面对MSTN突变促进肌肉发育的机理进行综述,以期为农业动物育种新材料生产及重大恶病质的治疗提供借鉴。

Myostatin(MSTN)is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle development,which is highly conserved among different species.Animal individuals with abnormally developed muscles can be obtained by natural mutation or manipulation of the gene by gene editing technology.Studies have shown that MSTN gene mutation can affect muscle development through various regulatory approaches.Therefore,the mechanism of MSTN mutation promoting muscle development was reviewed from five aspects,such as myoblast proliferation,differentiation,protein synthesis and catabolism,histone modification and macrophage polarization,in order to provide reference for the production of new materials for agricultural animal breeding and the treatment of major cachexia.