电动汽车低速提示音系统测试分析

Test Analysis of Low Speed Alerting Sound System of Electric Vehicles

以某型电动汽车低速提示音系统为研究对象,依据GB/T 37153-2018《电动汽车低速提示音》对其进行车辆初始状态下的测试,得到试验车辆在低速行驶并且开启低速提示音时的有关数据,通过低速提示音测试分析得出初始状态下其车外声级难以满足标准要求。依据声音传递路径有关理论,分别设计并进行更改音源位置试验和护板开孔试验,试验结果表明在车前舱范围内改变音源位置对低速提示音无明显影响,而对汽车护板进行开孔处理后,车外各测点在各工况下的1/3倍频程声级均满足标准中的规定,因此底护板开孔操作能提高低速提示音对车外人员的影响程度。研究结果对电动汽车低速提示音系统的改进以及车辆低速行驶时的行车安全有积极意义。

The low speed alerting sound system of a type of electric vehicles was tested in the vehicle’s initial state according to the standard of“GB/T 37153-2018 Acoustic vehicle alerting system of electric vehicles running at low speed”.The relevant data of the test vehicle when driving at low speed and turning on the acoustic vehicle alerting system was obtained.It is found through the analysis of the data that the external sound pressure level of the vehicle does not meet the standard requirements under the initial condition.According to the theory of sound transmission path,the sound source position test and guard plate opening test were designed and carried out.The test results show that changing the sound source position in the forecastle has no obvious effect on the low speed signal.After the hole opening treatment on the car guard plate,the 1/3 octave band sound level of each measuring point outside the vehicle meets the requirements of the standard under various working conditions.Therefore,the hole opening treatment on the car guard plate can increase the impact of the low-speed sound on the people outside the vehicle.The research results have positive significance for the improvement of the low-speed acoustic vehicle alerting systems of electric vehicles and the safety of driving at low speeds.