中国脱贫攻坚对人类反贫困理论的贡献

Theory Contributions of China’s Targeted Poverty Alleviation Practice to the World Poverty Reduction Efforts

2020年,中国在战胜农村绝对贫困方面已经取得了决定性胜利。这不仅是人类反贫困事业的重要突破,而且也对促进世界反贫困理论向前发展做出了重大贡献。从西方反贫困理论出发,中国脱贫攻坚重点强调了贫困者的社会属性、强化精准扶贫、重视发挥帮扶者和被帮扶者两个积极性、重视扶贫同扶志扶智相结合等内容,这进一步完善了西方反贫困的理论;而从马克思主义反贫困理论出发,做出了原创性贡献,脱贫攻坚重点从中国的贫困特点,即公有制基础上劳动力水平低的贫困属性入手,把产业和就业作为提高劳动力水平的重要途径、把改善贫困群体的生产生活环境作为提高劳动力水平的重要条件,这是基于马克思主义贫困理论的原创性贡献。中华人民共和国成立后,脱贫攻坚与时俱进完善帮扶单元、毫不动摇彰显制度优势、持之以恒提高生产力水平、因地制宜强化内外合力等措施的丰富和完善,也是对70年中国反贫困制度的补充。

Chinagained a decisive victory in relieving extreme poverty in rural areas in 2020.This does not onlymake tremendous contributions to theglobal poverty reduction practice,but alsomakesgreat contributions to the theories of poverty alleviation in the world.The first is an important supplementary contribution to the Western non-Marxism poverty reduction theory by emphasizing the social attribute of the poor,systematically implementing targeted poverty reductionmeasures,developing the enthusiasm and creativity for both the poor and the helpers andgivingmore attention to poverty alleviation via increasing people’s confidence and helping them acquire knowledge and skills.The second is the creative contribution tomarxism’s anti-poverty theory by emphasizing that the key to poverty alleviation lies in the poverty characteristics of China,that is,the poverty attribute of low labor level is based on public ownership,and industry and employment are important ways to improve labor standards.The production and living environment of the poor is an important condition for promoting the level of labor.Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,poverty alleviation has advanced with the times to improve the quality,has tenaciously demonstrated institutional advantages and has persevered in promoting the level of productivity,and strengthen internal and external cooperation in accordance with local conditions.The achievements are also a supplementary contribution to the 70-year anti-poverty efforts of China.