中性粒细胞在肾癌发生发展中的作用及其研究现状

The research advance and role of neutrophils in the occurrence and development of renal cell carcinoma

肾细胞癌是泌尿系统的常见恶性肿瘤。中性粒细胞所属的免疫微环境对肾癌进展有抑制和促进发展双重作用,其通过介导炎症反应、表达趋化因子、生成中性粒细胞外诱捕网等机制产生的促癌作用已成为研究热点。靶向药物、免疫检查点抑制剂作为晚期肾癌患者的全身系统治疗,其疗效和预后均与中性粒细胞活跃存在相关性,肿瘤组织中性粒细胞浸润、外周血中性粒细胞水平增高提示肾癌患者的不良预后。中性粒细胞表型与功能可受到肾癌相关炎症影响,通过高表达CXC趋化因子导致肾癌不良预后。此外,中性粒细胞外诱捕网可捕获血液中肿瘤细胞,协助其生存与迁移。

Renal cell carcinoma is a common malignant tumor of the urinary system.The immune microenvironment to which neutrophils belong has a dual role of suppressing and promoting the development of renal cell carcinoma.The cancer-promoting effects through mechanisms such as mediating inflammation,expressing chemokines,and generating neutrophil extracelluar traps have become research hotspots.Targeted drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors are used as systemic treatments for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma.Their efficacy and prognosis are related to neutrophil activity.The neutrophil infiltration in tumor and peripheral blood neutrophil level increase suggest the poor prognosis of patients with renal cell carcinoma.The phenotype and function of neutrophils can be affected by inflammation associated with renal cell carcinoma,and the high expression of CXC chemokines leads to poor prognosis.In addition,the neutrophil extracellular traps can capture tumour cells in the peripheral blood and assist their survival and migration.