管道陶瓷球阀振动噪声分析及结构优化

Vibration Noise Analysis of Pipeline and Ceramic Ball Valve and Structure Optimization

陶瓷材料具备耐高温、耐磨损、抗腐蚀等优良特性。陶瓷球阀继承了材料自身的良好性能,被广泛用于工况较恶劣的化工管道中。当管道出入口压差较大时,阀内件、阀门及管道容易发生振动,导致阀内件受损引发泄漏、共振引发高噪声。因此,分析高压差工况下陶瓷球阀振动产生的原因,对于实现减振降噪具有实际意义。首先,分析陶瓷球阀振动噪声产生的原因。然后,对高压差流体特性进行分析,得到不同开度下的管道内流体的速度云图和流体的压力云图,并通过求解低阶模态研究共振,得出陶瓷球阀高噪声产生的主要原因是发生闪蒸现象。再次,通过对陶瓷球阀的阀座进行结构改进及增设陶瓷节流孔板,实现分流降压。最后,通过在阀门出口处设置多个监测点进行噪声监测,证实噪声值降低了16%以上,达到了降噪目的。

The ceramic materials have excellent characteristics such as high temperature resistance,wear resistance,and corrosion resistance.Ceramic ball valves inherit the good performance of the material itself and are widely used in chemical pipelines under harsh working conditions.When the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the pipeline is large,the valve trim,the valve and the pipeline are prone to vibration,which can cause damage to the valve trim and cause leakage or resonance and high noise.Therefore,analyzing the causes of vibration of ceramic ball valves under high pressure difference conditions has practical significance for achieving vibration noise reduction.First,the reasons for the vibration noise of the ceramic ball valve is analyzed.Secondly,by analyzing the charactoristics of the high pressure difference fluid,the velocity cloud diagram and the pressure cloud diagram of the fluid in the pipeline under different opening degrees are obtained.Through solving the low-order modal to study the resonance,it is concluded that the main reason of the high noise of the ceramic ball valve is flashing.Then,by improving the structure of the ceramic ball valve seat and adding a ceramic throttle orifice plate,diversion and pressure reduction is achieved.Finally,by setting multiple monitoring points at the valve outlet for noise monitoring,it is verified that the noise value is reduced by more than 16%and the purpose of noise reduction is achieved.