公众对药品使用风险的认知调查

Investigation of Public Perceptions of Drug Use Risks

目的调查公众对药品使用风险的认识、风险处理方式和获取药品信息的渠道和途径。方法通过在线调查获得定性数据,对年龄、性别、学历和经济状况进行比较,调查内容包括对药品不良反应(adverse drug reaction,ADR)的认知、接受程度风险的意愿、寻求ADR信息途径和对ADR的理解等。结果研究收集1352份调表,发现86.70%受访者了解ADR,并且在服药过程中遇到过,但是却未有1例获得足够的药品风险信息(83.00%)。如果出现副作用,80.00%患者会向医生或药剂师寻求建议。71.75%的受访者认为医生和药师没有提供关于药物安全的足够信息。52.66%的受访者认为遇到ADR需要停药。药品说明书(27.81%)、医生(21.38%)和网络社交媒体(20.19%)是目前获得药品信息的三大主要途径。发生ADR后,公众认为应当告知政府监管机构(92.23%),并且制药企业应该将这些信息补充到药品说明书中(87.43%),或者将该信息反馈给医疗机构(32.47%)。79.81%公众因为医生已经交代药品的用法而不愿阅读药品说明书。结论公众对用药安全方面的信息仍旧缺乏,需要进一步加强科普宣传教育。医生、药师和网络媒体是公众获取用药信息的主要来源。政府监管部门和制药企业应共同努力提高药品使用的安全性。

Objective To investigate the public awareness of drug use risks,risk-handling methods,and channels and ways to access drug information.Methods Qualitative data was obtained via an online survey,and the subjects were compared by age,gender,levels of education,and financial status.The survey involved levels of knowledge of adverse drug reactions,willingness to accept risks,ways to seek information about adverse drug reactions,and interpretations of adverse drug reactions.Results The study found that 86.70%of the subjects knew something about adverse drug reactions and experienced them during medication,but they did not obtain sufficient information on drug risks(83.00%).In case of side effects,80.00%of the subjects would seek advice from a doctor or pharmacist.71.75%of the respondents reported that doctors and pharmacists did not provide enough information about drug safety.52.66%of them believed that medication had to be discontinued in the event of adverse drug reactions.Drug instructions(27.81%),doctors(21.38%)and online social media(20.19%)were currently the three main means to harvest drug information.The public believed that the government regulatory agencies should be notified(92.23%)when an adverse drug reaction occurs,and that the pharmaceutical company should add this information to the drug insert(87.43%)or feed the information back to the medical institution(32.47%).79.81%of the public would be reluctant to read drug instructions because the doctor had explained the usage of the drug.Conclusion The public remains ill-informed of the safety of drug use,so there is the need to make related information more accessible.Doctors,pharmacists and online media are the main sources for the public to obtain information on drug use.Government regulatory agencies and pharmaceutical companies should work together to improve the safety of drug use.