两种观照社会历史的方式——马克思对蒲鲁东社会历史观的批判

Two Ways to View Society and History:On Marx's Criticism on Proudhon's Social History Concept

马克思在写给安年科夫的信(1846年12月28日)中对蒲鲁东《贫困的哲学》一书,特别是他的社会历史观进行了初步批判,体现着马克思唯物史观中众多“鲜活”的思想。就这一带有批判性质文本的解读而言,我们不能离开批判者和批判对象本身的思想去阐释。在充分解读相关文献的基础上,本文从社会的前提与存在形式、社会形态的更替(历史演进)及其动力、社会变革的途径与道路三个方面,对马克思与蒲鲁东的社会历史观进行对比研究,力图展现不同于教科书体系的思想。

Marx made much critique on The Philosophy of Poverty and Proudhon's social history concept in the letter of Marx to Annenkov(on December 28th,1846).There is much"alive"thought about materialist conception of history in that letter.Because that letter is full of criticalness,we cannot interpret it better without understanding the thought about criticizer and the target of the criticism.Based on the interpretation of the relevant literatures,I will do a comparative study on Marx's and Proudhon's social history concepts from the three aspects of including the existing form of society,the driving force of history and the way of social reform.I will try my best to show the different and"alive"thought from the principle of materialist conception of history.