新时代青少年体育价值取向及行为特征关系研究

On the Relationship between Teenagers'Orientation of Sports Value and Characteristics of Sports Behavior in the New Era

为使新时代青少年树立正确健康的体育价值观和行为观,从而推动我国青少年体育快速发展。主要采用文献资料法、网络调研法、现场观察法、对比归纳法和数理统计法,对新时代青少年体育价值取向和行为特征及其二者之间的关系进行了深刻的分析。结果表明:(1)体育价值取向是体育行为产生的主要动机源泉,起到核心引领作用,每种价值取向具有不同的行为特征表现,同一行为特征会在不同类的价值取向中出现;(2)青少年有10种体育行为、20种体育行为特征,其中健身行为(91.1%)、学习行为(84.5%)和锻炼行为(80.0%)是3种主要行为,所表现出的行为及其特征之间不具有正负相关,出现的频次不具有同步性;(3)青少年具有7类21种体育价值取向,其中健身养心类(87.2%)、体育精神类(81.0%)、知识技能类(74.7%)是3种主要价值取向,原因在于体育本质的时代属性、体育精神的时代动力和学校体育的教育支援;(4)二者之间呈现出因果-促进、并列-抑制2种关系,要正确处理每种关系,避免产生不良价值取向和行为;(5)基于二者之间关系的培养策略是把握时代特征,强化顶层设计,深度挖掘和整合培育资源。依托时代背景,结合身心成长规律,搭建家庭-学校-社会一体化教育平台。遵循时代规律,构建约束治理机制,实施依法依制依规培养。

In order to enable teenagers in the new era to establish correct and healthy sports values and behavior,so as to promote the rapid development of teenagers'sports in China and mainly using the methods of literature,network survey,on-site observation,comparative induction and mathematical statistics,the paper makes a profound analysis on the value orientation and behavior characteristics of teenagers'sports in the new era and the relationship between them.The results show that:(1)the orientation of sports value is the main motivation source of sports behavior and plays a core leading role.Each orientation of sports value has different behavior characteristics,and the same behavior characteristics will appear in different types of value orientations.(2)Teenagers have 10 kinds of sports behavior and 20 kinds of characteristics of sports behavior,of which fitness behavior(91.1%),learning behavior(84.5%) and exercise behavior(80.0%) are the three main behaviors.There is no positive and negative correlation between behavior and their characteristics,and the frequency of occurrence is not the same.(3) Teenagers have 7 categories and 21 kinds of orientations of sports values,of which fitness and mental cultivation(87.2%),sports spirit(81.0%) and knowledge and skills(74.7%) are the three main value orientations,which are due to the era attribute of sports essence,the era driving force of sports spirit and the educational support of school sports.(4) There are two relationships between them:cause and effect-promotion and juxtaposition-inhibition.Each relationship should be handled correctly to avoid bad value orientation and behavior.(5) The training strategy based on the relationship between them is to grasp the characteristics of the times,strengthen top-level design,deeply excavate and integrate training resources.Relying on the background of the times and combining with the law of physical and mental growth,a family-school-society integrated education platform should be built.Following the laws of the times,a restraint and governance mechanism should be built and students should be cultivated according to laws and regulations.