火电碳排放核算方法优选与实证分析——基于能源的“双向”视角

Optimization and Empirical Analysis of Carbon Emission Accounting Methods for Thermal Power Plants:“Two-Way”Perspective Based on Energy

为探究适用于中国省际公平有效的碳排放核算科学方法,基于IPCC碳排放系数法提出了一种基于比例分配原则的能源生产和消费“双向”视角的碳排放核算方法,从火电生产和消费的跨省能源分流、主要排放源和排放因子数据等不同视角进行了定量分析。结果表明:相比于生产视角,消费视角更能体现中国各省份火电碳流量由东向西逐步下降的趋势,需要引起关注的是,无论是生产视角还是消费视角,内蒙古、山东、江苏、河北、广东火电碳排放量总居高不下。多数省份的主要碳排放来源于省内生产且用于本省消费,能源排放因子对碳排放计算结果的精确性至关重要。

In order to explore a fair and effective scientific method for carbon emission accounting in China’s provinces,this paper puts forward a“two-way perspective”accounting method of energy production and consumption based on IPCC carbon emission coefficient method,and makes quantitative analysis from different perspectives such as inter-provincial energy diversion,main emission sources and emission factor data of thermal power production and consumption.The results show that,compared with the production perspective,the consumption perspective can better reflect the trend that the carbon flow of thermal power in China’s provinces gradually decreases from east to west.What needs attention is that the carbon emissions of thermal power in Inner Mongolia,Shandong,Jiangsu,Hebei and Guangdong are always high from both the production perspective and the consumption perspective.Most provinces’main carbon emissions come from their own production for their own consumption.Energy emission factor is very important to the accuracy of carbon emission calculation results.