2011-2019年河南省平顶山市鲁山县布鲁氏菌病监测结果分析

Analysis of surveillance results of brucellosis in Lushan County,Pingdingshan City,Henan Province from 2011 to 2019

目的分析河南省平顶山市鲁山县布鲁氏菌病(简称布病)监测结果,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法采用回顾性分析方法,自鲁山县疾病预防控制中心和鲁山县畜牧局收集2011-2019年人畜布病监测数据,对布病的血清学、病原学进行描述性统计分析。结果2011-2019年共调查高危人群15943人,血清学检测10834人,阳性检出率为23.11%(2504/10834)。其中,2013年布病血清阳性检出率快速增高,2016年后呈下降趋势;男性阳性检出率为25.87%(1593/6157),女性为19.48%(911/4677);年龄主要集中在40~<70岁,占70.45%(1764/2504);各职业中农民阳性检出率最高,为25.97%(2242/8634)。不同性别、年龄及职业间阳性检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=61.163、27.855、257.412,P均<0.01)。共分离培养急性期布病病例血样578份,检出布鲁氏菌215株,阳性检出率为37.20%。结论平顶山市鲁山县人间布病的高危人群主要为从事养殖业的中老年男性农民。建议强化联防联控机制,加强高危人群的健康教育,采取综合性防控措施控制布病的发生和流行。

Objective The surveillance results of brucellosis in Lushan County,Pingdingshan City,Henan Province are analyzed to provide basis for formulating prevention and control strategies.Methods Retrospective analysis method was used to collect the surveillance data from Lushan County Center for Disease Control and Prevention and Animal Husbandry Department from 2011 to 2019.Descriptive statistical analysis was made on the serological,pathogenic of brucellosis.Results From 2011 to 2019,15943 high-risk people were investigated,and 10834 were serologically tested,with a positive detection rate of 23.11%(2504/10834).Among them,the positive detection rate of brucellosis serum increased rapidly in 2013 and decreased after 2016.The positive detection rate was 25.87%(1593/6157)in men and 19.48%(911/4677)in women.The age of positive detection was mainly 40-<70 years old,accounting for 70.45%(1764/2504).The positive detection rate of farmers in all occupations was the highest,which was 25.97%(2242/8634).There were significant differences in the positive detection rates among different gender,age and occupation(χ^(2)=61.163,27.855,257.412,P<0.01).A total of 578 blood samples from patients with acute brucellosis were isolated and cultured,215 strains of Brucella were detected,and the positive detection rate was 37.20%.Conclusions The high-risk group of human brucellosis in Lushan County,Pingdingshan City is middle-aged and elderly male farmers engaged in aquaculture.It is suggested that the joint prevention and control measures should be strengthened,the health education of high-risk groups should be strengthened,and comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to control the occurrence and prevalence of brucellosis.