结构型声学超材料研究及应用进展

Progress in research and application of structural acoustic metamaterials

声学超材料以其亚波长优势在工程中取得广泛应用,其中结构型声学超材料能够根据几何特性来调整物理行为,从而实现声波调控。随着3D打印和各种加工技术的不断进步,设计出了各种结构复杂,传统工艺无法加工的声学超材料,从结构上可分为亥姆霍兹型、超原子型、混合盘绕型、迷宫型、平板型等。目前,结构型声学超材料面向实际需求衍生出各种特定功能,如吸(隔)声、通风、可调谐、声成像等,但低频宽带消声仍然是一个挑战。如何设计具有双负性、适应多种应用场景、结构稳定的声学超材料有广阔的发展前景。

Acoustic metamaterials have been widely used in engineering due to their sub-wavelength advantages,in which structural acoustic metamaterials can adjust physical behaviors according to their geometric properties so as to realize acoustic regulation.With the continuous progress of 3D printing and various processing technologies,various acoustic metamaterials with complex structure and cannot be processed by traditional techniques have been designed,which can be divided into Helmholtz type,super-atomic type,hybrid coil type,maze type,plate type,etc.At present,structural acoustic metamaterials derive a variety of specific functions for actual needs,such as sound absorption or insulation,ventilation,tunability,acoustic imaging,etc.However,low-frequency broadband noise suppression is still a challenge.How to design acoustic metamaterials with double negativity and stable structures that can be suitable for multiple application scenarios has broad development prospects.