某型极地破冰船的艏部线型优化

Bow Line Optimization of a Polar Icebreaker

极地破冰船首部线型的优化设计,既需要考虑在冰区作业时的破冰能力,又要兼顾其在敞水域中的航行性能。该文基于不同的冰阻力预报经验公式,对冰阻力和破冰船首部特征参数进行敏感性分析,提出破冰性能较佳的首部特征参数取值范围,并兼顾敞水域阻力性能进行首部线型优化。经过敞水域中的模型阻力试验验证和冰区中的阻力数值模拟验证,优化方案在敞水域中设计航速附近的阻力增加约2%,但在不同层冰厚度下、破冰航速时的冰阻力下降7%~12%。

The optimization design of the bow line of the polar icebreaker should consider not only the icebreaking capacity when operating in ice areas but also the performance when sailing in open water.The sensitivity analysis of the ice resistance and the characteristic parameters of the bow of the polar icebreaker has been carried out based on the several empirical formulas for the ice resistance prediction.The value range of the bow characteristics parameters with the better ice-breaking capability are proposed for the optimization of the bow line with consideration of the resistance in open water.Through the verifi cation of the resistance from the model test in open water and the ice resistance from the numerical simulation in ice areas,the resistance for the optimized scheme has an increase of about 2%at the design speed in open water,however,the ice resistance for the optimized solution decreases by 7%to 12%under the different thickness and different ice-breaking speed.