基因组编辑技术在水稻育种中的应用进展

Research Advance of Applying Genome Editing Technology to Rice Breeding

基因组编辑技术是指通过序列特异核酸酶在基因组特定位点产生DNA双链断裂,从而激活自身修复机制,实现对基因组特定位点靶向修饰的技术。该技术主要包括锌指核酸酶(ZFNs)系统、类转录激活效应因子核酸酶(TALEN)系统、成簇规律间隔的短回文重复序列/核酸内切酶(CRISPR/Cas)系统和单碱基编辑技术。本文介绍了基因组编辑技术的发展及其在水稻育种中的应用进展。

Genome editing technology uses sequence-specific nucleases(SSNs)to create DNA double-strand breaks at the genomic target sites,which leads to activation of internal repair mechanisms,thereby achieving targeted genome modifications.This technology mainly consists of zinc finger nuclease(ZFNs)system,transcription activating effector like nuclease(Talen)system,clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats,CRISPR-associated proteins(CRISPR/Cas)system,and single-base editing technology.This paper illustrates the development of genome editing technology and its application to rice breeding.