苎麻副产物复配育苗基质对番茄育苗的影响

Effect of Mixed Substrate of Ramie Byproducts on Tomato Seedling

为探究苎麻秸秆为原料替代传统草炭基质的可行性,以"中苎1号"副产物为供试材料,将堆沤后的苎麻秸秆、草炭土、菌渣等按不同体积比例混合配制番茄育苗基质。研究配制混合基质的导电率、吸水能力、保水能力、氮磷钾元素含量、pH值及总孔隙度和持水孔隙等理化性质的差异,以及对番茄幼苗生长的生理影响。结果表明:在育苗基质中添加一定比例的苎麻副产物可以改善复配基质的吸水能力、保水能力、氮磷钾元素含量等各项土壤理化性质。添加适当体积比例的苎麻秸秆替代部分草炭土育苗,试验组复配基质T1的各项理化性质均优于对照组CK,番茄幼苗的发芽率、发芽时间、株高、茎粗以及叶片叶绿素含量等生长指标均优于对照组CK。因此,50%草炭土、10%菌渣、40%的苎麻副产物复配基质可以用于番茄育苗基质。

In order to explore the feasibility of using ramie stalk as raw material to replace the traditional peat substrate,the by-product of Zhongzhu No.1 was used as the test material.The retting ramie stalk,peat soil and mushroom residue were mixed in different volume ratios to prepare tomato seedling substrate.The differences in physical and chemical properties such as conductivity,water absorption capacity,water retention capacity,N,P,K content,pH value,total porosity and water holding porosity of the mixed substrates and the physiological effects on the growth of tomato seedlings were studied.The results showed that the addition of a certain amount of ramie by-products could significantly improve the soil physical and chemical properties such as water absorption capacity,water retention capacity N,P,K content of the mixed matrix.The physical and chemical properties of the mixed substrate T1 in the experimental treatment were better than those in the control group,and the growth indexes of tomato seedlings such as germination rate,germination time,plant height,stem diameter and chlorophyll content in leaves were better than those in the control group.Therefore,50%peat soil,10%mushroom residue and 40%ramie by-product mixed matrix can be used as tomato seedling matrix.