多源高分辨率数字高程模型数据在WRF模式不同精度模拟中的应用

Application of Multi-source High-resolution Digital Elevation Model Data in Multi-precision Nested Simulation of WRF

气象业务和科研部门在次公里尺度精细化天气气候数值模拟时,WRF模式自带的地形高度、土地利用等静态数据存在精度不足、时效性不高等问题影响近地面气象要素模拟性能。将航天飞机雷达地形测绘任务(SRTM3)的最新全球数字高程数据、全国1 km地形高度、西南三省一市30 m地形和1∶25万水系数据进行格式转换,并应用于WRF静态数据数据库中。以西南地区典型山地地形城市重庆为例,分析了在精细化数值天气预报的中1 km和333 m空间分辨率下更新后的下垫面数据与模式默认GMTED2010数据对下垫面特征的反演差异,结果发现:1 km尺度上两者均能较好地反映地表地形和土地利用类型特征,而在333 m分辨率上更新后的数据精度较GMTED2010有显著的提高。

When the meteorological bureau and scientific research departments refine the numerical simulation of weather and climate at the sub-kilometer scale,the static data such as terrain height and land use included in the WRF model have insufficient accuracy and low timeliness,which affects the simulation performance of near-surface meteorological elements.In this paper,the latest global digital elevation data of the Space Shuttle Radar Topographic Surveying and Mapping Mission(SRTM3),the country’s 1km terrain height,the 30-meter terrain of three provinces and one city in the southwest,and the 1:250,000 water system data are formatted and applied to the WRF static data database.And taking Chongqing,a typical mountainous terrain city in southwestern China,as an example,the differences between the updated underlying surface data and the model default GMTED2010 data in the inversion of underlying surface features at the medium 1km and 333m spatial resolutions of the refined numerical weather forecast is analyzed.The results found that the differences between the two are not significant at the 1km scale,and the updated data accuracy at the 333m resolution is significantly improved compared to GMTED2010.