环境规制对中国工业全要素能源效率的影响——基于省际面板数据的实证研究

Impact of Environmental Regulation on Total Factor Energy Efficiency of Industry in China:an Empirical Research Based on Inter-Provincial Panel Data

中国目前处于工业化加速发展时期,各级地方政府通过实施一系列环境规制措施,旨在通过这些政策来倒逼能源效率提升,从而缓解中国经济快速发展带来的能源压力。以2004—2017年省级单位为研究对象,探讨环境规制强度对中国全要素能源效率值的影响关系。通过实证分析得到如下结论:(1)使用超效率模型测算出中国各省份2004—2017年工业全要素能源效率平均值为0.71,能源效率值偏低,且区域差异很大。(2)通过ML指数分解全要素能源效率增长率可知,相对于技术效率,技术进步是提高能源效率的关键因素,所以技术创新对全要素能源效率影响显著。(3)通过静态面板估计与动态系统差分法面板估计可知环境规制强度与中国工业全要素能源效率呈"U"型关系。

China is currently in a period of accelerating industrialization,and local governments at all levels have implemented a series of environmental regulation measures aimed at reducing energy pressure caused by China’s rapid economic development by forcing energy efficiency improvement.Taking provincial units from 2004 to 2017 as the research object,this paper explores the influence of environmental regulatory intensity on China’s total factor energy efficiency.Based on the empirical analysis,the following conclusions can be drawn:(1) the super efficiency model is used to calculate the average industrial total factor energy efficiency of all provinces in China from 2004 to 2017,which is 0.71.The energy efficiency value is low and the regional difference is great.(2) According to ML index decomposition of total factor energy efficiency growth rate,relative to technical efficiency,technological progress is the key factor to improve energy efficiency.Therefore,technological innovation has a significant impact on total factor energy efficiency.(3) According to the static panel estimation and dynamic system difference panel estimation,the relationship between environmental regulation intensity and China’s total factor energy efficiency is u-shaped.