“后减负时代”基础教育高质量发展的生态重构

Ecological Reconstruction of the High-Quality Development of Basic Education in the“Post Burden Reduction Era”

进入新时代以来,基础教育减负问题被提升到前所未有的高度,减负主体和减负对象从单一走向多元,减负方式从线性思维走向系统思维,基础教育逐步进入“后减负时代”。然而,时至今日,减负依然是一个沉重的话题。周而复始的基础教育“减负令”效果差强人意,症结在于千年考试传统文化根深蒂固的影响、社会阶层固化和社会流动通道窄化、科层化的教育政绩考核制度、优质教育资源相对匮乏与教育发展不均衡、商业资本的强势介入等社会生态失衡,“双减”政策对于治理上述问题具有全新的价值论、方法论和认识论意义。“后减负时代”基础教育高质量发展的生态重构,要直面根源性问题,重新回归教育初心和本质规律,拓宽社会上升渠道并消解人才和职业偏见,实施基础教育特色化发展战略,推进以个性化、开放化、智慧化为特征的课程改革,构建以教育生态为核心指标的政府绩效考核制度和自主多元的考试招生制度。

Since the new era,burden reduction in basic education has been raised to an unprecedented height.Its subject and object have changed from single to multiple,and the method of burden reduction has changed from linear thinking to systematic thinking.Basic education has gradually entered the“post burden reduction era”.However,to this day,burden reduction is still a heavy topic.The effect of the repeated“burden reduction order”in basic education is not satisfactory.The crux of the ecological imbalance of basic education lies in the deep-rooted influence of the traditional examination culture for thousands of years,the solidification of social classes and social ecological imbalance due to the narrowing of social mobility channels,the hierarchical education performance evaluation system,the relative lack of high-quality educational resources,the unbalanced development of education,and the strong intervention of commercial capital.The“double reduction”policy has brand-new axiology,methodology and epistemological significance for the governance of the above problems.The ecological reconstruction of the high-quality development of basic education in the“post burden reduction era”must face the underlying problems,return to the original aspirations and essential laws of education,broaden the channels for social advancement,eliminate talent and professional prejudice,implement the characteristic development strategy of basic education,and promote the development of basic education.Curriculum reform characterized by individualization,openness,and intelligence will build a government performance appraisal system with education ecology as the core indicator,and a system of independent and diverse examination and enrollment.