基于国家专利的中药复方治疗低血压用药规律与机制研究

A study on the medication rule and mechanism of treating hypotension with Chinese herbal compound of national patent

目的:通过对治疗低血压国家专利中药复方的挖掘,获取其用药规律,为中药研发提供依据。方法:以国家知识产权局中国专利公布公告网站收录的授权专利为资料来源,使用Microsoft Excel 2018建立数据库,对中药频次与分类进行统计分析;采用SPSS Statistic 26.0和SPSS Modeler 18.0对高频中药(频次≥23)进行性味归经分析、系统聚类分析、因子分析、关联规则分析,构建复杂网络,获取核心药物,并用中药网络药理学的方法探索核心药物的潜在作用机制。结果:共纳入专利115项,使用中药292味,用药频次≥23的有14味中药,排在前4位的分别是炙甘草、黄芪、当归、党参,药物四气以温为主,五味以甘为主,归经中脾、肺、心、肾经居多。聚类分析得到6组中药组合,因子分析得到5个公因子;二项和三项关联规则均为12项,并根据关联规则构建高频中药关联网络;核心药物为炙甘草、黄芪、当归、党参,其作用机制可能通过钙离子信号通路、环鸟苷酸/蛋白激酶G信号通路、心肌收缩信号通路、血管平滑肌收缩信号通路、心肌细胞肾上腺素能信号通路、咖啡因代谢的通路等信号通路来治疗低血压。结论:联合运用数据挖掘及网络药理学,得出用药规律,预测核心药物对低血压在分子层面的作用机制,为治疗低血压的中药新药研发提供依据。

Objective:To analyze medication rule and mechanism of treating hypotension with Chinese herbal compound of national patent,and to provide a basis for the research and development of Chinese medicine.Methods:The authorized patents included in the China National Intellectual Property Administration China Patent Publication Announcement website were used as data sources.The frequency and classification of TCM medicine were statistically analyzed,and the database was established by Microsoft Excel 2018.High-frequency TCM medicines(frequency≥23)were analyzed by properties,tastes and channel tropism analysis,system cluster analysis,factor analysis,association rule analysis by SPSS Statistic 26.0 and SPSS Modeler 18.0,a complex network was built,the core drugs were obtained and the potential action mechanism of core drugs has been explored by Chinese medicine network pharmacology.Results:A total of 115 patents were included,292 TCM medicines were used,and 14 Chinese medicines were used with a frequency of more than or equal to 23.The top 4 are Zhigancao(Radix Glycyrrhizae),Huangqi(Radix Astragali seu Hedysari),Danggui(Radix Angelicae Sinensis),Dangshen(Radix Codonopsis).The four nature of drugs are mainly warm,five flavours are mainly sweet.The spleen,lung,heart,and kidney meridians are mostly in channel tropism.Cluster analysis results showed 6 groups of traditional Chinese medicine combinations,factor analysis showed 5 common factors;both the two and three association rules are 12 items,and a high-frequency Chinese medicine association network is constructed according to the association rules;the core drugs are Zhigancao,Huangqi,Danggui,Dangshen.The mechanism of treatment of hypotension may be through signal pathways such as calcium signal pathway,cyclic guanylate/protein kinase G signaling pathway,myocardial contraction signaling pathway,vascular smooth muscle contraction signaling pathway,adrenergic signal pathway in cardiomyocytes,caffeine metabolism pathway.Conclusion:Data mining and network pharmacology were used in combination to draw the medication rules and predict the action mechanism,so as to provide a basis for the research and development of new Chinese medicines for the treatment of hypotension.