基于遥感的中国典型城市群城市化及城市热岛现象研究

Study on Urbanization and Urban Heat Island of Typical Urban Agglomerations in China Based on Remote Sensing

以中国两大城市群——长三角城市群和珠三角城市群为研究区,基于MODIS地表温度和土地利用类型数据,通过均值-标准差法和城乡温差法,研究了两大城市群的城市化和城市热岛特征。研究结果表明:长三角城市群和珠三角城市群的城乡界限明显,城市化程度较高;两大城市群的城市热岛现象明显,各地均表现出热中心,其中长三角和珠三角城市群的城市热岛分别呈“M”形分布和“O”形分布;长三角城市群和珠三角城市群的城市热岛均表现出季节特征,均为夏季最强,其次是春秋季,冬季最弱;虽然长三角城市群的强热岛面积大于珠三角城市群,但其热岛强度小于珠三角城市群,这与城市气候、地理位置与地貌等有很大关系。

Based on land surface temperature(LST)and land use/land cover data of MODIS,the mean standard deviation method and the urban-rural temperature difference method were used to compare the urbanization level and urban thermal environment characteristics of the two major urban agglomerations,namely the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)and the Pearl River Delta(PRD).The results showed that the urban and rural boundaries of the YRD and the PRD were obvious and the urbanization level was high.The urban heat island(UHI)effect in these regions was obvious.The UHI in the YRD and the PRD was distributed in an M-shape and an O-shape,respectively.The UHI in the YRD and the PRD all showed obvious seasonal characteristics,both of which were the strongest in summer,followed by spring and autumn,and the weakest in winter.Although the area of the strong UHI in the YRD was larger than that in the PRD,the UHI intensity was less than that in the PRD in annual and season scales,which was closely related to the urban climate,geographical location and landform.