重力热管锂电池散热性能实验与数值研究

Experimental and Numerial Investigations on Heat Dissipation Performance of Lithium Battery with Thermosyphon

针对现有电池热管理系统主动散热方式能耗大,以及锂电池在高倍率放电、高温环境下温度敏感等问题,设计了一种重力热管电动汽车锂电池散热装置。搭建动力电池检测设备实验平台,撰写变环境温度和变放电倍率下锂电池恒流放电实验步骤,研究单体电池热特性和重力热管散热装置的散热性能。同时建立NTGK单体电池三维电化学模型和散热装置三维传热模型,通过实验验证数值模拟原理的正确性和精准性。结果表明:重力热管电池散热装置具有良好的散热效果,40℃环境温度下3C放电,电池温度保持在50℃以内,实验中5根重力热管最大温差仅为1.2℃,实验数据和仿真结果误差在10%以内,趋势一致性良好。

Aiming at the problems of high energy consumption of active heat dissipation mode of existing battery thermal management system and temperature sensitivity of lithium battery in high rate discharge and high temperature environment,a thermosyphon and lithium battery cooling device was designed.The experimental platform of power battery detection equipment was built,and the constant-current discharge of experimental steps of lithium battery under variable ambient temperature and discharging rate were designed to study the thermal characteristics of single battery and the heat dissipation performance of heat dissipation device of thermosyphon.At the same time,a three-dimensional electrochemical model of NTGK single cell and a three-dimensional heat transfer model of heat dissipation device were established,then the correctness and accuracy of the numerical simulation principle were verified by experiments.The results show that the battery cooling device with thermosyphon has good heat dissipation effect.Under 40℃ambient environment,the temperature of battery at 3C discharging rate is kept within 50℃.The maximum temperature difference of the five thermosyphons in the experiment is only 1.2℃,and the error between the experimental data and the simulation results is within 10%.