思维导图健康教育模式对肠造口患儿家属疾病认知水平、心理健康及家庭造口照护能力的影响

Influence of mind map health education model on disease cognition level,mental health and family care ability of children with enterostoma

目的:探究思维导图健康教育模式对肠造口患儿家属疾病认知水平、心理健康及家庭造口照护能力的影响。方法:选取2019年1月至2020年1月某院收治的140例肠造口患儿的家属作为研究对象,按照入院顺序进行编号,根据单双数不同分为两组,观察组和对照组各70例,对照组患儿家属接受常规健康教育干预,观察组患儿家属在对照组患儿家属基础上接受思维导图健康教育模式干预,比较两组患儿家属的疾病认知水平,心理健康水平、家庭造口照护能力以及医护满意度。结果:干预6个月后,观察组患儿家属疾病认知水平问卷中粪袋清洁与更换、排便规律训练、规律饮食、造口周围护理和与观察并发症5个维度的评分均高于对照组(t=6.74,7.95,7.75,5.55,6.91;P<0.05);观察组患儿家属抑郁自评表(SDS)评分低于对照组(t=3.804,P<0.05);观察组患儿家属焦虑自评表(SAS)评分低于对照组(t=3.152,P<0.05);观察组患儿家属家庭造口照护能力量表中获取知识的途径、信心和家庭支持、主动性和创造性3个维度评分均高于对照组(t=6.481,7.607,8.902;P<0.05);观察组医护满意度高于对照组(Z=2.463,P<0.05)。结论:思维导图健康教育模式能提高肠造口患儿家属疾病认知水平,心理健康水平,家庭造口照护能力以及医护满意度。

Objective:To explore the influence of mind map health education model on family members’ disease cognition level, mental health and family nursing ability of enterostomy children.Methods:From January 2019 to January 2020,140 families of children with enterostomy were selected as the research objects, numbered according to the order of admission, and divided into two groups according to the difference of single and double numbers.There were 70 cases in each group.The families of children in the control group received routine health education intervention, while the families of children in the observation group received mental map health education model intervention based on the families of children in the control group.Results:After 6 months of intervention, the scores of the five dimensions of fecal bag cleaning and replacement, defecation training, regular diet, nursing around stoma and observation of complications in the questionnaire of family members of children in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(t=6.74,7.95,7.75,5.55,6.91;P<0.05).Self-rating depression scale(SDS)scores of families of children in observation group was lower than that in control group(t=3.804,P<0.05).Self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)scores of families of children in observation group was lower than that in control group(t=3.152,P<0.05).The scores of three dimensions, namely, access to knowledge, confidence and family support, initiative and creativity, were higher in the observation group than that in the control group(t=6.481,7.607,8.902;P<0.05).The satisfaction of medical care in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(Z=2.463,P<0.05).Conclusion:Mind mapping health education model can improve the family members’ disease cognition level, mental health level, family ostomy care ability and medical satisfaction.