决策树CART在高校学生体质测试数据分析中的应用研究

Application of Decision Tree CART in Data Analysis of Physical Fitness Test of College Students

目的:通过CART决策树算法,寻找学生健康体质测试数据中各指标的非线性关系,找到各指标对学生体质测试等级的影响程度,为体育教学工作的提高提供更多维度的支持。方法:对山东大学近万名本科生的健康体质测试数据进行处理和分组,分为男生组和女生组,通过CART决策树算法对两组数据进行分析,分别建立模型,并对决策树模型进行可视化表达。结果:(1)CART决策树算法可较好的通过各指标对学生健康体质测试成绩等级进行分类、训练、验证,预测结果正确率都可达到85%以上,且可判断各个指标的影响程度,为提高体育教学质量提供实证依据。(2)样本中男女生各项体质测试指标对等级的影响程度情况存在明显的差异,具体表现在男生体质测试成绩等级最关键的影响因素是引体向上项目,女生体质测试成绩等级最关键的影响因素是800m项目,建议在男女生差异化体育教学过程中,加强男生上下肢力量训练和女生心肺耐力锻炼,再辅以跑动能力练习。

Objective:To find out the non-linear relationship of each index in the data of students*physical fitness test by CART decision tree algorithm,find out the influence degree of each index on students'physical fitness test grade,and provide more dimension support for the improvement of physical education.Methods:The data of nearly 10,000 under graduates'physical fitness test in Shandong University were processed and grouped into male and female groups.The two groups of data were analyzed by CART decision tree algorithm,and the decision tree model was visually expressed.Results:(1)The CART decision tree algorithm can better classify the grades of students'physical fitness test results through various indicators,train and verify,and the correct rate of prediction results can reach more than 85%,and can judge the impact of each indicator,so as to provide empirical basis for improving the quality of physical education teaching.(2)there are obvious differences between male and female students in the influence degree of each physical fitness test index on the grade.Specifically,the most critical influencing factor of male students'physical fitness test grade is the lead-up project,and the most critical influencing factor of female students'physical fitness test grade is the 800-meter project.It is suggested that in the process of differentiated physical education between male and female students,the strength training of male students'upper and lower limbs and the strength training of female students should be Girls*cardiopulmonary endurance exercises,supplemented by running ability exercises.