《资本论》中的现代国家思想要点及当代启示

The Main Points of Modern State Thought in Das Kapital and Its Contemporary Enlightenment

政治批判同政治经济学批判是一种相互作用、相互影响的耦合关系,国家议题既是马克思建构无产阶级的政治经济学体系的总前提和逻辑起点,又是他剖析资产阶级社会的必然结果,国家理论构成了马克思主义政治经济学体系的重要内容。虽然马克思在《资本论》中并没有专门探讨现代国家议题,但他在“资本一般”限度内探讨现代国家的阶级结构、经济职能、作用形式、国家形式及其同社会经济结构的关系等问题,从政治经济学视角阐释了关于现代国家的基本问题。《资本论》中的现代国家思想要点,对于妥善处理政府同市场的关系、更好地发挥国家的经济职能,以及批驳资产阶级理论家们对中国道路、中国制度的歪曲,具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。

There is a coupling relationship of interaction and interaction between political criticism and political economic criticism.State issues is not only the general premise and logical starting point for Marx to construct the theoretical system of proletarian political economy,but also the inevitable result of his analysis of modern bourgeois society,and the state theory constitutes an important part of Marxist political economy system.Although Marx did not specifically discuss the issue of modern state in Das Capital,he analyzed the class structure,economic function,function form,state form and its relationship with social and economic structure of modern state within the limits of“general capital”,which explained some views on the issue of modern state from the perspective of political economy.The key points of modern national thought in Das Capital are of great theoretical value and practical significance for properly handling the relationship between the government and the market,giving better play to the economic functions of the country,and responding to the bourgeois theorists'distortion of China's road and Chinese system.